DEELWOORDE: Learn Participles In Afrikaans Language
In this page you will learn about ####, a Afrikaans learning topic that is also a recommended learning topic for students in Primary to Matric and Beyond.
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About ####
The participle may be a Noun, Adjective or Adverb, depending on how it is used in the sentence.
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1. DIE TEENWOORDIGE DEELWOORD (PRESENT PARTICIPLE)
E.g The crying child = The child who is crying
The present participle is formed by adding -de or -end(e) after the verb.
a. -de is only added to the verbs doen, gaan, sien, slaan, staan and their derivatives
doen – doende – voldoende sake
gaan – gaande – verbygaande verkeer
sien – siende – bysiende oë
staan – staande – bestaande reëls
slaan – slaande – slaande deure
b. -end(e) is used with all other verbs
(usually when we say ‘ing’ e.g. barking, crying)
-ende is used before a noun
-end is used after a noun
e.g. die lopende water – die blaffende hond
e.g. die water is kokend – die baba was huilend
UITSONDERINGS (EXCEPTIONS)
bars – barstende bottel
gee – lewegewende water
minag – minagtende woorde
versag – versagtende onstandighede
bly – oorblywende kos/verblydende nuus
liefhê – liefhebbende ouers
sê – veelseggende antwoord
vertroos – vertroostende hande
2. DIE VERLEDE DEELWOORD (PAST PARTICIPLE)
(The broken cup = The cup that has been broken)
These are either swak (weak) deelwoorde when they are used literally
e.g. die gebreekte koppie (the broken cup).
or sterk (strong) deelwoorde when they are used figuratively
e.g. die gebroke hart (the broken heart).
e.g. die lopende water – die blaffende hond
e.g. die water is kokend – die baba was huilend
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SWAK VERLEDE DEELWOORDE (literal use)
a. -de or -te is added before a noun
gebraaide vleis, verbrande sop, gekookte kos
b. -te is always added if the verb ends in a k or a p
pluk – die geplukte perskes
skaak – die geskaakte motor
skop – die geskopte bal
verkoop – die verkoopte huis
c. -te is added if the verb ends in a f, g or s and is preceded by a short vowel
stof – die afgestofte tafel
pos – die geposte brief
lig – die verligte stadion
straf – die gestrafte leerling
d. -de is added if the word ends in any other letter, has a long vowel or vowel + consonant before f, g or s
lam – die verlamde voet
bederf – bederfde vrugte
dwaal – die verdwaalde koei
verbaas – die verbaasde pryswenner
e. -e is added if a word ends in a d or a t
brand – verbrande hout
sout – gesoute vis
f. Words ending ê
Iê – gelegde eiers
belê – belegde geld
inlê – ingelegde vrugte
STERK VERLEDE DEELWOORDE (figurative use)
Here the word always ends in an -e (Remember the rules relating to vowel sounds)
A few examples of these are:
| aflê |
‘n afgelee plaas (remote)
|
| bederf |
‘n bedorwe kind (spoilt)
|
| besluit |
‘n vasbeslote persoon (determined)
|
| betrek |
betrokke lug (overcast)
|
| breek |
‘n gebroke hart (broken)
|
| buig |
‘n geboe hoof (bowed)
|
| doen |
gedane sake (completed)
|
| gee |
‘n gegewe oomblik (given)
|
| help |
‘n geholpe persoon (helped)
|
| kies |
gekose vakke (chosen)
|
| neem |
aangenome kinders (adopted)
|
| ry |
berede polisie (mounted)
|
| sweer |
geswore vyande (sworn)
|
| sluit |
n geslote boek (closed)
|
| slyp |
n geslepe dief (sly)
|
| suip |
n besope man (drunk)
|
| swel |
n geswolle hoof (swollen)
|
| verbied |
verbode liefde (forbidden)
|
| voorskryf |
voorgeskrewe boeke (prescribed)
|
| vries |
bevrore groente (frozen)
|
| wen |
herwonne vryheid (regained)
|
| wys |
die aangewese plek (shown)
|
HOW ‘DEELWOORDE’ ARE TESTED
1. Alle leerlinge het (voorskryf) voorgeskrewe boeke wat hulle saam met hülle ander (oortrek) oorgetrekte boeke klas toe moet bring.
2. Smôrens hou ons van (bak) gebakte eiers wat ons saam met ‘n beker (stoom) stomende koffie geniet.
3. Kies die korrekte woord:
Omdat haar kêrel geëmigreer het, het sy ‘n (gebreekte / gebroke) hart.
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